Leading Causes of Death for Children Under Five

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NUMBER OF YOUNG CHILD DEATHS MAINTAINS 10-YEAR LOW 

Awareness of the leading causes of death among children can lead to intervention strategies to help prevent mortality. Many of these deaths are preventable through preconception health care, early and ongoing prenatal care, and public education initiatives to reduce the incidence of common accidents.[1] This indicator measures the leading causes of death for infants under one year old and children ages one through four in San Bernardino County. 

TREND

The number of deaths for children under five decreased slightly in a one-year period, from 131 deaths in 2022 to 130 deaths in 2023. The long-term trend is also down, with a decline of 40% since 2014.   

Among infants, the number of deaths decreased slightly, from 106 in 2022 to 105 in 2023. The long-term trend is also down, falling 43% since 2014.   

Among children aged one through four, the number of deaths stayed the same at 25 deaths in both 2022 and 2023.  Since 2014, however, deaths among children ages one through four decreased 26%.   

NUMBER OF DEATHS FOR CHILDREN UNDER FIVE DECLINING
Count of Deaths Due to All Causes for Children Under Five in San Bernardino County, 2014-2023

Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. National Vital Statistics System, Linked Birth / Infant Deaths on CDC WONDER Online Database. Data are from the Linked Birth / Infant Deaths Records 2018-2023, as compiled from data provided by the 57 vital statistics jurisdictions through the Vital Statistics Cooperative Program; Children ages 1-4 years: California Department of Public Health, California Comprehensive Death File, 2023 

Similar to the decline in the count of deaths, there has been a decline in the death rate for children under age five, dropping 33% from 141.5 deaths per 100,000 children under five in 2014 to 95.2 deaths per 100,000 in 2023.  

DEATH RATE FOR CHILDREN UNDER FIVE FALLS BY ONE-THIRD IN 10 YEARS
Death Rate Due to All Causes for Children Under Five in San Bernardino County, 2014-2023

Note: The estimated number of children under age five for 2020, 2021, and 2022 have been updated, which slightly changes to the death rates for those years. Caution should be used when comparing to last year’s Community Indicators Report.
Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. National Vital Statistics System, Linked Birth / Infant Deaths on CDC WONDER Online Database. Data are from the Linked Birth / Infant Deaths Records 2018-2023, as compiled from data provided by the 57 vital statistics jurisdictions through the Vital Statistics Cooperative Program; Children ages 1-4 years: California Department of Public Health, California Comprehensive Death File, 2023 

Maternal pregnancy complications affecting the newborn tops the list of leading causes of infant deaths, followed by congenital defects / chromosomal abnormalities. For children ages 1-4 years, accidents are the leading causes of death, followed by cancer.  

MATERNAL PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS MOST FREQUENT CAUSE OF INFANT DEATHS 

Leading Causes of Death for Infants in San Bernardino County, 2023 

Infants (Under Age One)

Cause of DeathNumber of Deaths
Maternal pregnancy complications affecting newborn65
Congenital defects/chromosomal abnormalities 22
All other causes18
TOTAL105

Young Children (Ages 1-4)

Cause of DeathNumber of Deaths
Accidents (unintentional injuries) 8
Cancer, including leukemia 2
Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities 3
All other causes12
TOTAL25
Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. National Vital Statistics System, Linked Birth / Infant Deaths on CDC WONDER Online Database. Data are from the Linked Birth / Infant Deaths Records 2018-2023, as compiled from data provided by the 57 vital statistics jurisdictions through the Vital Statistics Cooperative Program; Children ages 1-4 years: California Department of Public Health, California Comprehensive Death File, 2023 

[1] National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, et. al. “Vibrant and Healthy Kids: Aligning Science, Practice, and Policy to Advance Health Equity,” National Academies Press, 25 Jul 2019, Chapter 5 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551477/)